Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States. Ratified in 1865, it formally ended the institution of slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. This amendment marked a significant turning point in American history, as it was a direct result of the Civil War and addressed the fundamental human rights issues regarding freedom and equality. It paved the way for further civil rights advancements and laid the foundation for subsequent legislation aimed at ensuring equal treatment under the law.

In contrast, the other amendments listed serve different purposes: the 15th Amendment granted African American men the right to vote, the 19th Amendment extended suffrage to women, and the 1st Amendment protects freedoms concerning religion, expression, assembly, and the right to petition. Each of these amendments plays a crucial role in shaping American democracy, but none address the issue of slavery and its abolition directly.