Which amendment was aimed at addressing social issues by prohibiting alcohol?

The 18th Amendment, ratified in 1919, was specifically aimed at addressing social issues through the prohibition of alcohol. This amendment made it illegal to manufacture, sell, or transport intoxicating liquors in the United States, reflecting a response to the temperance movement, which sought to curb alcohol consumption due to its perceived negative effects on society. Supporters believed that prohibiting alcohol would reduce crime, corruption, and social problems associated with drinking.

In contrast, the other amendments mentioned do not pertain to alcohol prohibition. The 16th Amendment established the income tax, the 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote, and the 17th Amendment allowed for the direct election of senators. Thus, the correct answer illustrates a significant social policy change aimed at influencing public behavior and promoting a particular moral standard during that era.